Archaeological Discovery Suggests an Unknown Medieval Pagan Cult

Archaeologists in the Czech Republic have unearthed an intriguing early medieval bronze belt buckle depicting a serpent-like creature, possibly a snake or dragon, consuming a frog. This artifact, found near the village of Lány, about 20 miles west of Prague, hints at the existence of a previously unknown medieval pagan cult that might have been prevalent across central Europe before the advent of Christianity【7†source】.

The discovery was made by a metal detectorist, and initially, the design of the belt buckle was considered unique. However, further research and comparison revealed startling similarities with other artifacts found across Europe, particularly in Germany, Hungary, and other parts of the Czech Republic. These findings suggest that this motif was part of a widespread symbol system, possibly representing a shared pagan cult connecting diverse peoples across central Europe during the early Middle Ages. Jiří Macháček, head of the Department of Archaeology and Museology at Masaryk University, emphasized the significance of this motif in connecting different regions spiritually before Christianity’s arrival【7†source】【15†source】.

The serpent devouring its victim is a recurrent theme in many creation myths and could also be linked to fertility cults. While the exact meaning remains speculative, its wide distribution and recurrence in various mythologies indicate its importance as an ideogram, understood and revered by different cultures. The motif is particularly interesting as it resonates with cosmogonic myths from other parts of the world, emphasizing the serpent’s universal significance in various mythological narratives【7†source】.

The Lány artifact is believed to be part of the Avar belt fittings, dating back to the 7th and 8th centuries BCE. These fittings were common among the once-nomadic Avars, who settled in the Carpathian Basin, and were also adopted by neighboring groups like the Slavs. Advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray fluorescence analysis, scanning electron microscopy, lead isotope analysis, and 3D digital morphometry, were employed to study the buckle and similar artifacts. The findings revealed that most of these bronze fittings were heavily gilded and produced using a lost-wax casting method. The copper used in these artifacts was sourced from the Slovak Ore Mountains, suggesting a common origin for the materials【7†source】.

This discovery opens new pathways for understanding the spiritual and cultural connections among early medieval European societies. It also underscores the rich and complex religious landscape before the widespread adoption of Christianity. The existence of such a cult, indicated by the shared symbolism across a vast region, provides fascinating insights into the spiritual life and interconnectedness of early European societies. As research continues, more light will be shed on this enigmatic cult and its place in Europe’s historical tapestry.